Middle Spotted Woodpecker: sexes ?

Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius, Estonia, Gerard Gorman. The sexes are almost identical and often impossible to visually tell apart. The main difference in plumage is in the crown: both sexes have red crowns, but on females the rear crown is usually dull red, orange or yellow, on males it is red.

Europe's smallest woodpecker

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos minor) is Europe's smallest picid. This is a male: females lack red on the crown. Budapest, Hungary, April 2015 (Gerard Gorman).